Showing posts with label switch. Show all posts
Friday, 30 May 2014
EtherChannel
,
GNS3
,
Load Balancing
,
Networking
,
Protocol
,
switch
,
Traffic
,
VLAN
No comments
Etherchannel in GNS3
The method to increase the bandwidth by aggregating or bundling parallel links is known as EtherChannel.
To confirm working of this lab, 192.168.1.1 ip should ping from 192.168.1.2 ip address.
Conditions of EtherChannel :-
Each EtherChannel can have, two to eight links of either Fast Ethernet (FE), Gigabit Ethernet (GE), or 10-Gigabit Ethernet (GE) as a logical link of Fast EtherChannel (FEC), Gigabit EtherChannel (GEC), or 10-Gigabit EtherChannel (10GEC) respectively. This bundle provides bandwidth according to the links.
Configure all the interfaces to operate on same speed and same duplex.
Enable all interfaces in EtherChannel. A interface can be shut to check the redundancy.
An EtherChannel does not form if ports are configured with dynamic VLANs.
If ports are access ports then they should be in same VLAN.
If ports are trunk ports then allowed VLANs on the trunk port should be same. Trunking Encapsulation should be same on all ports.
EtherChannel avoids bridging loops by combining the links into single logical link. This link can be act as access or trunk, depend on the topology. Traffic is distributed on the links according to the hashing algorithm, each link of FEC has the capacity of 200Mbps, carry upto 200Mbps. but logical link capacity is 800Mpbs. These links carry only those frames which are placed by EtherChannel on it. It is also provide redundancy for the links, when one link got broken from bundle then the traffic of that link got distributed over other links. By this it helps to get rid of failover. And when that link got up again the traffic is redistributed again.
Distribution of Traffic :-
Traffic over EtherChannel got distributed as a result of hashing algorithm. The algorithm can use source and destination MAC address, source and destination IP address etc. Algorithm calculate a binary pattern that selects a link in the bundle to carry the frame. If there are only two links in the bundle then 1-bit index got generated. If the index is 0 then link 0 is selected, if it is 1 then link 1 is selected. For 4 link bundle hash use last 2 bits whereas for 8 link bundle 3 bits.
Load Balancing Methods :-
There are 9 methods for load balancing in EtherChannel.
Method value Hash Input
1.src-ip Source IP address
2.dst-ip Destination IP address
3.src-dst-ip Source & Destination IP address
4.src-mac Source MAC address
5.dst-mac Destination MAC address
6.src-dst-mac Source & Destination MAC
7.src-port Source port number
8.dst-port Destination port number
9.src-dst-port Source & Destination port
EtherChannel Protocols :-
There are two types of protocols used in EtherChannel.
1. PAgP
2. LACP
Configuration of Switch R1 :-
interface Port-channel1
switchport access vlan 10
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/1
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/2
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/3
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/4
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/5
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface Vlan10
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252
switchport access vlan 10
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/1
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/2
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/3
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/4
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface FastEthernet1/5
switchport access vlan 10
duplex full
speed 100
channel-group 1 mode on
!
interface Vlan10
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252
Same Configuration would be on Switch R2 except interface vlan 10.
Configuration of Switch R3 :-
interface FastEthernet1/0
no switchport
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252
duplex full
speed 100
no switchport
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252
duplex full
speed 100
Verification
Ping from 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.1 :-
R3-SW#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/24/32 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/24/32 ms
Thursday, 29 May 2014
GNS3
,
Networking
,
switch
,
VLAN
No comments
Inter vlan routing on GNS3
VLAN is the part of switching in networking, it is essential part of switch. Basically VLAN divides the switch into parts. VLANs are isolated from one from each other so that packets in one VLAN cannot communicate with other VLAN.
To send packets from one VLAN to other, a Layer 3 device is needed. If router is used for this function then it must have a physical or logical connection to each VLAN so it can transfer packets between them. This is known as interVLAN routing.
In this topology Layer 3 device is Router R2, switch on which VLANs are created is SW1 and there are 4 hosts, connected to the switch, in which host C1, C2 are in VLAN 10 and C3, C4 are in VLAN 20.
When Host C1 in VLAN 10 needs to communicate with Host C2 in VLAN 10, it sends a packet
addressed to that host, Switch SW1 forwards the packet directly to Host C2, without sending it to the router. And when C1 want to communicate with C3 or C4 which are inn VLAN 20, then switch SW1 forwards the packets of C1 to router and router receive the traffic, send it to Hosts C3, C4 which are in VLAN 20. Router R2 is connected through two links with switch SW1, interface f0/0 is used for VLAN 10 and f0/1 is for VLAN 20.
Configuration of Router R2 :-
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 20.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 20.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
Configuration of Switch SW1 :-
All VLANs type is access.
Configuration of Hosts :-
The hosts used here are VPCS hosts. It is the integrated feature of GNS3.
VPCS[1]> ip 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1
VPCS[1]> ip (ip addresss) (netmask) (gateway)
Verification
Ping Host C1 from C2 :-
(Both the Hosts are in same vlan.)
Ping Host C3 from C1 :-
(Both are in different vlans)
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