NETWORKING DEVICES
6. ROUTER
7. LAYER 3 SWITCH
8. LAN CARD
9. CSU/DSU
6. ROUTER :- Router is a device which is used to connect the 2 or more than 2 different networks with each other.
- Router forwards the packets from one network to another, based on internal routing table.
- Router read each packet and decide how to forward it.
- Router is a layer 3(Network layer) device in OSI MODEL.
- Router always do unicasting of the data.
- Routers are always manageable and configurable.
- Router use the Headers and the Routing Table to determine the best path for forwarding the packets.
- Router restrict the Network Broadcast to the Local LAN.
- Router act as the DEFAULT GATEWAY.
- Router perform the route Advertisement.
- Router types :- 1. Static 2. Dynamic.
DYNAMIC ROUTER :- Router, in which ports can be added or removed. These days Dynamic routers are in use.
SERIES OF CISCO ROUTERS :-
* Cisco 600 series * Cisco 700 series * Cisco 800 series * Cisco 1000 series
* Cisco 1400 series * Cisco 1600 series * Cisco 1700 series * Cisco 2500 series
* Cisco 2600 series * Cisco 3600 series * Cisco 3700 series * Cisco 6400 series
* Cisco 7200 series * Cisco 7300 series * Cisco 7400 series * Cisco 7500 series
* Cisco 7600 series * Cisco 10000 series * Cisco 12000.
fig. Cisco Routers
7. LAYER 3 SWITCH :- Layer 3 Switch is the combination of Layer 2 Switch and Router.
- It provides the connectivity in same as well as in different networks.
- It creates two tables, MAC Table (Switch) and Routing Table (Router).
- Layer 3 Switch is always configurable.
- It is layer 3 (Network Layer) device in OSI MODEL.
fig. Layer 3 Switch
8. LAN CARD :- Lan Card is use for physical connectivity.
- Each Lan Card has its own unique Address known as MAC Address.
- MAC Address is of 48 bits, it is represented in Hexadecimal form.
- Its IEEE Standard is 802.2.
fig. MAC Address Division
fig. LAN CARD
9. CSU/DSU :- A CSU/DSU is a device that combines the functionality
of a channel service unit (CSU) and a data service unit (DSU). These
devices are used to connect a LAN to a WAN, and they take care of all
the translation required to convert a data stream between these two
methods of communication.
fig. CSU/DSU
- A DSU provides all the handshaking and error correction required to maintain a connection across a wide area link, similar to a modem. The DSU will accept a serial data stream from a device on the LAN and translate this into a useable data stream for the digital WAN network. It will also take care of converting any inbound data streams from the WAN back to a serial communication.
- A CSU is similar to a DSU except it does not have the ability to provide handshaking or error correction. It is strictly an interface between the LAN and the WAN and relies on some other device to provide handshaking and error correction.
Made By P & V
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